Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Reasons for retractions of publications in cancer research
| Reason for retraction | Number | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Duplicate publishing | 162 | 28.4 |
| Error | 138 | 24.2 |
| Fraud | 104 | 18.2 |
| Plagiarism | 82 | 14.4 |
| Authorship issues | 22 | 3.9 |
| Ethics issues | 12 | 2.1 |
| Not stated | 56 | 9.8 |
| Other | 5 | 0.9 |
| Total | 571 | 100 |
