Table 1.
Characteristics of Cohort 1
| Never Smokers | Smokers without COPD | GOLD I COPD | GOLD II COPD | GOLD III COPD | P Value (ANOVA) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||
| Subjects, n | 9 | 19 | 14 | 25 | 5 | |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 4 (44.4%) | 6 (31.6%) | 9 (64.3%) | 15 (60.0%) | 3 (60.0%) | 0.0921 |
| Age, yr | 67.0 ± 7.2 | 65.1 ± 7.9 | 71.6 ± 8.7 | 66.9 ± 9.4 | 65.4 ± 6.2 | 0.3892 |
| Race, n (%) | ||||||
| White | 5 (55.6%) | 18 (94.7%) | 12 (85.7%) | 22 (88.0%) | 5 (100%) | 0.4329 |
| Hispanic | 0 | 0 | 1 (7.1%) | 0 | 0 | |
| Asian | 4 (44.4%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0 | 2 (8.0%) | 0 | |
| Native American | 0 | 0 | 1 (7.1%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 | |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Current smoker, n (%) | N/A | 5 (26.3%) | 5 (35.7%) | 7 (28.0%) | 1 (20%) | 0.1151 |
| Former smoker, n (%) | N/A | 14 (73.7%) | 9 (64.3%) | 18 (72.0%) | 4 (80%) | |
| Pack-years | N/A | 31.4 ± 15.4 | 34.0 ± 28.9 | 40.1 ± 27.5 | 29.0 ± 28.6 | 0.0128 |
| Spirometry | ||||||
| FEV1, % predicted | 84.3 ± 15.9 | 94.4 ± 17.4 | 88.9 ± 9.4 | 69.7 ± 8.7 | 43.7 ± 2.6 | <0.001 |
| FEV/FVC ratio | 0.68 ± 0.11 | 0.74 ± 0.05 | 0.62 ± 0.05 | 0.59 ± 0.10 | 0.60 ± 0.11 | <0.001 |
| Malignancy type, n (%) | ||||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 6 (66.7%) | 16 (84.2%) | 9 (64.3%) | 17 (68.0%) | 4 (80%) | 0.2049 |
| Squamous cell | 0 | 2 (10.5%) | 5 (35.7%) | 6 (24.0%) | 1 (20%) | |
| SCLC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (4.0%) | 0 | |
| Other* | 3 (33.3%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0 | 1 (4.0%) | 0 | |
| Malignancy stage, n (%) | ||||||
| I | 5 (55.6%) | 16 (84.2%) | 8 (57.1%) | 17 (68.0%) | 2 (40.0%) | 0.5838 |
| II | 0 | 3 (15.8%) | 5 (35.7%) | 0 | 1 (20.0%) | |
| III | 2 (22.2%) | 0 | 2 (14.3%) | 3 (12.0%) | 2 (20.0%) | |
| IV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (4.0%) | 0 |
Definition of abbreviations: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD = Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; SCLC = small cell lung cancer.
Data are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. P values < 0.05 are set in bold for emphasis. n = 72 patients.
*
Other cancers included adenosquamous carcinoma (n = 1), adenocarcinoma in situ (n = 1), carcinoid tumor (n = 1), metastatic renal cell carcinoma (n = 1), and sarcomatoid carcinoma (n = 1).