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. 2017 Aug 28;97(3):337–352. doi: 10.1093/biolre/iox094

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© The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for the Study of Reproduction.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Figure 1. — Role of progesterone in uterine fibroids pathogenesis. Progesterone, in response to estrogen, affects different cellular functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix deposition, either directly on fibroid cell via progesterone receptors or indirectly via paracrine effect on fibroid stem cells which give rise to more fibroid cells. Abbreviations: PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; BCL2, B-cell lymphoma 2; ECM, extracellular matrix; EGF, epidermal growth factor; TGFβ, transforming growth factor β; PR, Progesterone receptor.