Table 2.

Risk factors for uterine fibroid.

Risk Factor	Reference
Age	[145]
Ethnicity (black vs. non-Black)	[146–148]
Obesity/overweight	[149–151]
Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency	[152]
COMT polymorphism	[153]
ER polymorphism	[154]
Early menarche	[29]
Parity	[28]
Tobacco, caffeine, and alcohol	[148]
Family history of uterine fibroids	[155,156]
Higher TGF-β3 serum concentrations	[156]