Figure 9.

Cytokine levels in the amniotic fluid were altered by nicotine and by presence of the microbe. Log-transformed cytokine levels for IFNG, IL10, TNF, and IL6 for MP only (n = 30) and Nic + MP (n = 58) amniotic fluids (AF) were further subdivided based on positive (+) and negative (–) culture status of the amniotic fluid and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. P values < 0.05 indicate significant differences between groups. Graphs show individual data points as well as bars for mean and SEM.