TABLE 1—
Characteristics of Participants Enrolled Stratified by Study Arm: HIV-Infected Individuals Leaving Jail, San Francisco, CA, 2010–2013
| Characteristics | All | TAU | NAV | P |
| Gender, no. (%) | .54 | |||
| Male | 220 (81.48) | 106 (79.7) | 114 (83.21) | |
| Female | 33 (12.22) | 18 (13.53) | 15 (10.95) | |
| Trans, male-to-female | 16 (5.93) | 9 (6.77) | 7 (5.11) | |
| Trans, female-to-male | 1 (0.37) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.73) | |
| Age, y, mean ±SD | 43.19 ±10.72 | 43.35 ±11.98 | 43.03 ±9.38 | .81 |
| Education, no. (%) | .19 | |||
| < high school | 83 (30.74) | 35 (26.32) | 48 (35.04) | |
| High-school diploma or GED | 150 (55.56) | 76 (57.14) | 74 (54.01) | |
| College or grad work | 37 (13.70) | 22 (16.54) | 15 (10.95) | |
| Race/ethnicity, no. (%) | .17 | |||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 118 (43.70) | 60 (45.11) | 58 (42.34) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 78 (28.89) | 31 (23.31) | 47 (34.31) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 41 (15.19) | 22 (16.54) | 19 (13.87) | |
| Other | 33 (12.22) | 20 (15.04) | 13 (9.49) | |
| Sexual orientation, no. (%) | .70 | |||
| Gay or lesbian | 67 (24.81) | 32 (24.06) | 35 (25.55) | |
| Bisexual | 67 (24.81) | 29 (21.8) | 38 (27.74) | |
| Straight or heterosexual | 133 (49.29) | 71 (53.38) | 62 (45.26) | |
| Other | 3 (1.11) | 1 (0.75) | 2 (1.46) | |
| Mental health score, SF-12,a mean ±SD | 34.58 ±11.62 | 33.42 ±12.75 | 35.70 ±10.35 | .15 |
| Physical health score, SF-12,a mean ±SD | 45.03 ±8.20 | 45.04 ±8.17 | 45.02 ±8.22 | .98 |
| Self-reported route of infection, no. (%) | .47 | |||
| Sex with an HIV-infected man | 111 (41.26) | 58 (43.61) | 53 (38.97) | |
| Sex with an HIV-infected woman | 57 (21.19) | 23 (17.29) | 34 (25.00) | |
| Needles or injection | 80 (29.74) | 39 (29.32) | 41 (30.15) | |
| Other | 21 (7.81) | 13 (9.77) | 8 (5.88) | |
| Risky sex in the 30 d prior to jail,a no. (%) | 59 (21.77) | 24 (18.05) | 35 (25.55) | .14 |
| Alcohol use in 30 d prior to jail, no. (%) | ||||
| Any alcohol | 178 (65.93) | 87 (65.41) | 91 (66.42) | .86 |
| Alcohol more than once per wk prior to jail | 134 (49.63) | 65 (47.44) | 69 (51.88) | .42 |
| Meet criteria for alcohol abuse on AUDIT screening, no. (%) | 90 (33.33) | 40 (29.19) | 50 (37.59) | .26 |
| Drug use in 30 d prior to jail, no. (%) | 255 (94.44) | 125 (91.24) | 130 (97.74) | .75 |
| Weekly drug usea | 204 (75.56) | 92 (69.17) | 112 (84.2) | .016 |
| Methamphetamine—any | 171 (63.33) | 83 (60.58) | 88 (66.16) | .76 |
| Methamphetamine > 1 per wka | 107 (39.63) | 44 (32.11) | 63 (47.37) | .012 |
| Crack—any | 153 (56.67) | 76 (55.47) | 77 (57.89) | .88 |
| Crack > 1 per wka | 99 (36.67) | 47 (34.3) | 52 (39.12) | .46 |
| Heroin—any | 80 (29.62) | 40 (29.2) | 39 (29.32) | .77 |
| Heroin > 1 per wka | 37 (13.72) | 21 (15.32) | 16 (12.03) | .31 |
| Meet criteria for substance abuse on the DAST, no. (%) | 229 (84.81) | 111 (83.46) | 118 (86.13) | .54 |
| Meet criteria for severe substance abuse on the DAST, no. (%) | 22 (8.15) | 10 (7.52) | 12 (8.76) | .71 |
| History of detentions | ||||
| Median age at first detention, y | 18 | 18 | 17 | |
| Median no. of detentions, ever | 15 | 15 | 15 | |
| Any detentions in y prior to index detention, no. (%) | 190 (70.9) | 92 (69.17) | 98 (72.59) | .54 |
| Mean no. of detentions in y prior to index detention, mean ±SD | 1.76 ±1.86 | 1.57 ±1.67 | 1.96 ±2.01 | |
| Mean length of index incarceration, d, mean ±SD | 98.30 ±129.02 | 97.90 ±106.50 | 98.79 ±148.30 | |
| Retained in care in y prior to index detention, no. (%) | 120 (44.44) | 61 (45.86) | 59 (43.07) | .70 |
Note. AUDIT = Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; DAST = Drug Abuse Screening Test; GED = general equivalency diploma; NAV = enhanced peer navigation group; SF-12 = 12-item Short Form Survey; TAU = treatment as usual.
a
The entire sample did not answer this question either because that indicator was not collected for all individuals or because it is restricted by a skip pattern.