Table 1.
Description of UK Biobank participants included in the discovery risk-taking GWAS, replication and PRS analyses
| Discovery (1000 genomes) | Replication (HRC) | PRS (HRC) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not risk takers | Risk takersa | Not risk takers | Risk takersa | Not risk takers | Risk takersa | |
| N | 86,552 | 29,703 | 104,263 | 35,210 | 104,533 | 35,198 |
| N men | 36,679 (0.42) | 18,554 (0.63) | 41,988 (0.40) | 21,453 (0.61) | 42,161 (0.40) | 21,427 (0.61) |
| Age (years) | 57.2 (7.8) | 56.1 (8.1) | 57.2 (7.9) | 55.9 (8.2) | 57.3 (7.9) | 56.0 (8.2) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.4 (4.9) | 27.9 (4.7) | 27.2 (4.7) | 27.7 (4.7) | 27.2 (4.7) | 27.7 (4.6) |
| Current smoker | 28,575 (0.33) | 11,123 (0.38) | 35,804 (0.34) | 13,568 (0.39) | 36,219 (0.35) | 13,684 (0.39) |
| Ever smoker | 37,782 (0.44) | 16,052 (0.54) | 43,929 (0.42) | 18,265 (0.52) | 44,316 (0.43) | 18,221 (0.52) |
| Age completed educationb | 16.6 (2.1) | 16.6 (2.3) | 17.0 (2.1) | 16.7 (2.4) | 16.6 (2.1) | 16.7 (2.4) |
| Has a degree | 24,442 (0.29) | 10,235 (0.35) | 30,456 (0.29) | 12,830 (0.37) | 30,672 (0.30) | 12,731 (0.36) |
| Townsend deprivation index | −1.6 (2.9) | −1.3 (3.1) | −1.7 (2.8) | −1.4 (3.0) | −1.7 (2.9) | −1.4 (3.0) |
| Unstable mood¤ | 37,429 (0.44) | 14,258 (0.49) | 44,659 (0.44) | 16,852 (0.49) | 44,697 (0.44) | 16,722 (0.48) |
| Comparison groupc | 17,024 (0.74) | 5418 (0.69) | 20,519 (0.74) | 6350 (0.69) | 20,844 (0.74) | 6211 (0.69) |
| BD* | 190 (0.01) | 177 (0.02) | 215 (0.01) | 177 (0.02) | 206 (0.01) | 189 (0.02) |
| Single episode depressionc | 1615 (0.08) | 519 (0.07) | 1860 (0.07) | 645 (0.07) | 1838 (0.07) | 659 (0.07) |
| Moderate depressionc | 2816 (0.12) | 1034 (0.13) | 3351 (0.12) | 1289 (0.14) | 3414 (0.12) | 1207 (0.13) |
| Severe depressionc | 1486 (0.06) | 678 (0.08) | 1727 (0.06) | 797 (0.09) | 1733 (0.06) | 796 (0.09) |
| Any depression | 5917 (0.26) | 2231 (0.29) | 6938 (0.25) | 2731 (0.29) | 6985 (0.25) | 2662 (0.29) |
| Mental health questionnaire | 27,494 | 9479 | 34,011 | 11,654 | 34,060 | 11,574 |
| BD | 330 (0.01) | 232 (0.02) | 369 (0.01) | 290 (0.03) | 348 (0.01) | 277 (0.02) |
| MDD | 6450 (0.28) | 2407 (0.30) | 7716 (0.27) | 2951 (0.30) | 7896 (0.28) | 2906 (0.30) |
| GAD | 1893 (0.10) | 695 (0.11) | 2215 (0.09) | 898 (0.11) | 2431 (0.10) | 831 (0.10) |
| Any addiction | 1491 (0.05) | 918 (0.10) | 1521 (0.05) | 919 (0.08) | 1543 (0.05) | 955 (0.08) |
| Alcoholism | 569 (0.02) | 368 (0.04) | 598 (0.02) | 381 (0.03) | 576 (0.02) | 387 (0.03) |
| Illicit drug addiction | 93 (0.003) | 101 (0.01) | 70 (0.003) | 70 (0.01) | 78 (0.002) | 92 (0.01) |
| OTC/prescr~t addiction | 229 (0.01) | 96 (0.01) | 22 6 (0.01) | 125 (0.01) | 239 (0.01) | 132 (0.01) |
| Ever cannabis | 4788 (0.17) | 2780 (0.29) | 6038 (0.18) | 3432 (0.29) | 5941 (0.17) | 3356 (0.29) |
BD bipolar disorder, MDD major depressive disorder, GAD general anxiety disorder
aParticipants who answered “yes” to “do you consider yourself a risk taker?”; for continuous variables, data are presented as mean (standard deviation). For categorical variables, data are presented as n (proportion of group (i.e., risk takers or not risk takers))
bBased on a subset of 80,229 subjects; ¤ participants who answered yes to ““Does your mood often go up and down?”
cDefinitions as per Smith et al.39, based on a subset of 29,929 subjects. Addiction phenotypes based upon self-report