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. 2017 Dec 31;2017:1595103. doi: 10.1155/2017/1595103

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Downregulation of idh2 aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction in LLC cells exposed to acrolein. (a) Mitochondrial membrane potential of LLC cells was measured by incorporation of Rh-123 dye into the mitochondria. (b) Membrane potential was analyzed with JC-1 probe. The mean (green/red) fluorescence intensity was expressed as a percentage compared with control. (c) MitoSox was used to detect mitochondrial ROS generation. MitoSox fluorescence was visualized by a fluorescence microscope. In (a–c), the average fluorescence intensity was calculated as previously described [44]. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of four independent experiments. ∗p < 0.05 versus WT cells exposed to acrolein. (d) ATP levels were measured in LLC cells following acrolein treatment. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of four independent experiments. ∗p < 0.05 versus WT cells exposed to acrolein.