Table 3.

Cardiac function of participants, by sex mean ± SD.

	Indigenous men (n=6)	Indigenous women (n=4)	p-Value	Indigenous (n=10)	European men (n=6)	European women (n=4)	European descent (n=10)	p-Valuea	p-Valueb
Systolic
SVI (mL·m−2)	46.5 ± 9.0	44.4 ± 4.5	0.69	45.7 ± 7.2	50.9 ± 10.4	44.2 ± 2.5	48.2 ± 8.6	0.22	0.48
Cardiac output (L·min−1)	5.9 ± 0.7	4.4 ± 0.6	0.01	5.3 ± 1.0	5.3 ± 1.1	4.2 ± 0.6	4.9 ± 1.1	0.07	0.20
Cardiac output index (L·min−1·m−2)	2.8 ± 0.3	2.6 ± 0.4	0.35	2.7 ± 0.3	2.7 ± 0.6	2.5 ± 0.3	2.6 ± 0.5	0.42	0.42
Ejection fraction (mL)	57.4 ± 1.3	58.2 ± 4.2	0.67	57.7 ± 2.7	58.7 ± 3.0	60.1 ± 2.4	59.3 ± 2.7	0.41	0.22
Fractional shortening (%)	16.6 ± 4.8	21.0 ± 4.5	0.19	18.3 ± 5.0	16.8 ± 3.4	21.2 ± 2.3	18.5 ± 3.7	0.05	0.92
Pulse pressure/SVI (mmHg· m2·mL−1)	1.23 ± 0.31	1.19 ± 0.04	0.79	1.21 ± 0.23	1.08 ± 0.36	1.12 ± 0.07	1.09 ± 0.27	0.79	0.31
SVI/pulse pressure (mL·mmHg−1·m−2)	0.85 ± 0.17	0.84 ± 0.03	0.97	0.85 ± 0.13	1.10 ± 0.63	0.90 ± 0.06	1.02 ± 0.48	0.47	0.29
Diastolic
E (m·s−1)	0.73 ± 0.13	0.79 ± 0.10	0.49	0.75 ± 0.12	0.68 ± 0.18	0.80 ± 0.11	0.72 ± 0.16	0.23	0.68
A (m·s−1)	0.33 ± 0.08	0.30 ± 0.08	0.64	0.32 ± 0.08	0.27 ± 0.07	0.32 ± 0.05	0.29 ± 0.07	0.20	0.35
Eʹ septal (m·s−1)	0.23 ± 0.03	0.22 ± 0.02	0.80	0.22 ± 0.03	0.21 ± 0.03	0.23 ± 0.03	0.22 ± 0.03	0.29	0.68
Eʹ lateral (m·s−1)	0.24 ± 0.04	0.24 ± 0.00	0.91	0.24 ± 0.03	0.25 ± 0.04	0.26 ± 0.02	0.25 ± 0.03	0.68	0.34
E/A	2.38 ± 0.72	2.71 ± 0.40	0.44	2.51 ± 0.61	2.75 ± 0.98	2.58 ± 0.37	2.68 ± 0.77	0.73	0.58
E/Eʹ septal	3.26 ± 0.55	3.57 ± 0.29	0.80	3.38 ± 0.47	3.21 ± 0.51	3.52 ± 0.75	3.33 ± 0.60	0.87	0.84
E/Eʹ lateral	3.07 ± 0.38	3.32 ± 0.41	0.36	3.17 ± 0.39	2.72 ± 0.54	3.13 ± 0.59	2.88 ± 0.57	0.54	0.20

^aSex differences among European descendants;

^bEthnic comparison.

A: late ventricular diastolic filling velocity; E: early ventricular diastolic filling velocity; Eʹ: mitral annular tissue velocity; SD: standard deviation; SVI: stroke volume indexed for body surface area.