Table 1.
Risk factors associated with clinical malaria episodes
| Risk factors associated with clinical malaria episodes in the high transmission period (HTP) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Case (N = 1,507) | Control (N = 7,535) | OR1 CI 95% [ ] | P | ORa2 CI 95% [ ] | P |
| Age visit mean (SD) | 5.9 (2.17) | 7.75 (1.93) | 0.03.10−3 [0.01.10−3; 0.1.10−3] | < 0.001 | 0.02.10−3 [0.01.10−3; 0.1.10−3]3 | < 0.001 |
| CE_HTP mean (SD) | 1.45 (1.36) | 1.38 (1.3) | 1.06 [1.01; 1.11] | 0.025 | 0.61 [0.38; 0.96]3 | 0.03 |
| Gam_LTP mean (SD) | 0.04 (0.23) | 0.09 (0.32) | 0.5 [0.39; 0.65] | < 0.001 | – | – |
| Gam_HTP mean (SD) | 0.12 (0.42) | 0.19 (0.54) | 0.7 [0.61; 0.81] | < 0.001 | – | – |
| ASPara_LTP mean (SD) | 0.24 (0.76) | 0.56 (1.21) | 0.68 [0.63; 0.73] | < 0.001 | – | – |
| ASPara_HTP mean (SD) | 0.54 (0.98) | 1.03 (1.49) | 0.69 [0.65; 0.73] | < 0.001 | – | – |
| Risk factors associated with clinical malaria episodes in the low transmission period (LTP) | ||||||
| Variables | Case (N = 39) | Control (N = 195) | OR1 CI 95% [ ] | P | ORa2 CI 95% [ ] | P |
| Age visit mean (SD) | 5.94 (2.06) | 7.84 (1.93) | 0.003 [0.1.10−3; 0.11] | 0.001 | 0.002 [0.03.10−3; 0.09]3 | 0.002 |
| CE_LTP mean (SD) | 0.26 (0.55) | 0.11 (0.35) | 2.83 [1.15; 7.0] | 0.024 | – | – |
| CE_HTP mean (SD) | 2.05 (1.41) | 1.21 (1.26) | 1.92 [1.35; 2.74] | < 0.001 | – | – |
| Gam_LTP mean (SD) | 0 | 0.16 (0.44) | – | – | – | – |
| ASPara_LTP mean (SD) | 0.39 (0.82) | 0.94 (1.44) | 0.59 [0.39; 0.88] | 0.009 | – | – |
| ASPara_HTP mean (SD) | 1.49 (1.86) | 2.66 (1.98) | 0.62 [0.48; 0.8] | < 0.001 | 2.12 [0.082; 54.83]3 | 0.65 |
Age visit = age at visit; ASPara_HTP = number of asymptomatic parasite carriage cases on previous HTP; ASPara_LTP = number of asymptomatic parasite carriage cases on previous Asy.LTP; CE_HTP = number of clinical malaria episodes in previous Clin.HTP; CE_LTP = number of clinical malaria episodes on previous LTP; Gam_HTP = number of positive gametocyte cases on previous HTP; Gam_LTP = number of positive gametocyte cases on previous LTP Gam.HTP; OR1 = odds ratio from conditional logistic regression (matching to the three designated variables); ORa2 = adjusted odds ratio from conditional logistic regression (matching to the three designated variables) and result of multivariate step by step analysis.