Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients <5 years of age with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, and healthy age-matched controls.
| Study group |
||
|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Patients with severe pneumonia (n = 45) | Control (n = 35) |
| Age, months | 10 ± 5 | 13 ± 4 |
| <6 months | 4 (8.9) | 3 (8.6) |
| 6–12 months | 36 (80.0) | 28 (80.0) |
| >12 months | 5 (11.1) | 4 (11.4) |
| Sex, male | 30 (66.7) | 24 (68.6) |
| Fever | 29 (64.4) | – |
| Respiratory failure | 45 (100) | – |
| Cyanosis | 20 (44.4) | – |
| SpO2 <90% | 40 (88.9) | – |
| Crackles, % | 41 (91.1) | – |
| Malnutrition, % | 24 (53.3) | – |
| Diarrhoea, % | 25 (55.6) | – |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation, days | ||
| All patients | 8 ± 2 | – |
| Aged <6 months | 6 ± 2 | – |
| Aged 6–12 months | 8 ± 2 | – |
| Aged >12 months | 12 ± 3 | – |
| Duration of treatment, days | ||
| All patients | 19 (3–60) | – |
| Aged <6 months | 28 ± 8 | – |
| Aged 6–12 months | 16 ± 9 | – |
| >12 months | 29 ± 22 | – |
Data presented as mean ± SD, n (%) prevalence, or median (min–max).
There were no statistically significant between-group differences in terms of age or sex (Z-test).