Fig 1.

Maximal bleed out volume to induce and maintain hemorrhagic shock (A). Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) values of all groups during experimentation period, MABP was measured continuous during experimentation. Sham group underwent all surgical procedures without induction of TxT+H/R (B). Total plasma protein values for all groups. Time point: two hours after end of the experiment, sacrifice was performed, and the sample removed (C). Baseline (BL); blunt chest trauma (TxT); ethyl pyruvate (EP); hemorrhagic shock (HS); hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (H/R); ringer`s lactated solution (RL). *: p <0.05 vs. both other groups; #: p <0.05 vs. TxT+H/R_RL. Sham: n = 6, TxT+H/R_RL: n = 8 and TxT+H/R_EP: n = 8.