Table 1.
Distribution of covariates and emotion dysregulation symptoms in the Grady Trauma Project (GTP) analytic sample (N=1944)
| Covariate | Total Sample | Emotion Dysregulation Symptoms | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| N (%) | Mean (SD) | F value | p value | |
| Age | ||||
| 18–25 | 408 (21.0) | 38.71 (20.3) | 7.88 | <0.0001 |
| 26–35 | 366 (18.8) | 39.22 (21.8) | ||
| 36–45 | 354 (18.2) | 41.28 (22.9) | ||
| 46–55 | 535 (27.5) | 38.52 (22.0) | ||
| 56+ | 281 (14.5) | 32.05 (19.6) | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 501 (25.8) | 36.37 (21.3) | 5.16 | 0.023 |
| Female | 1443 (74.2) | 38.91 (21.7) | ||
| Education | ||||
| Less than 12th grade | 432 (22.2) | 43.30 (22.9) | 19.42 | <0.0001 |
| High school graduate or GED | 842 (43.3) | 38.22 (21.6) | ||
| Greater than high school or GED/College graduate | 670 (34.5) | 35.06 (20.2) | ||
| Income | ||||
| $0–499 | 618 (31.8) | 41.93 (22.5) | 16.59 | <0.0001 |
| $500–999 | 526 (27.1) | 38.43 (21.9) | ||
| $1,000 or more | 800 (41.1) | 35.31 (20.2) | ||
| Employment Status | ||||
| Unemployed | 1047 (53.9) | 39.33 (21.9) | 14.78 | <0.0001 |
| Unemployed (with disability) | 336 (17.3) | 41.55 (22.9) | ||
| Employed (with or without disability) | 561 (22.8) | 34.30 (19.7) | ||
| Depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms | ||||
| Low symptoms | 1153 (59.3) | 28.65 (17.0) | 785.01 | <0.0001 |
| High symptoms | 791 (40.7) | 52.27 (20.0) | ||
Descriptive statistics are presented for the analytic sample. Linear regressions were performed for each outcome by covariate, with F-statistics and corresponding p-values listed. High depressive and posttraumatic symptoms are based on measures of depression (Beck’s Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (Modified Posttraumatic Symptom Scale (MPSS)). Participants were coded as having high depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms (vs. low psychiatric symptoms) if BDI scores were 20 or greater or if on the MPSS the participated reported the presence of at least one re-experiencing symptom (scored 1 or higher), two avoidance/numbing symptoms, and two hyperarousal symptoms and low PTSD was any lower levels of symptoms).