Table 1.
Patient demographics and clinical characteristics.
| Clinical parameters | Total (n = 90) | Active SLE (n = 27) | Inactive SLE (n = 63) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year (mean ± SD)** | 40.14 ± 14.75 | 32.67 ± 13.34 | 43.35 ± 14.24 | 0.001 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 6 (6.7) | 4 (14.8) | 2 (3.2) | 0.064 |
| Female, n (%) | 84 (93.3) | 23 (85.2) | 61 (96.8) | 0.125 |
| Disease duration, month (median [IQR]) | 83.5 (42–132) | 66 (21–120) | 84 (59–132) | 0.25 |
| ESR, mm/hr (median[IQR])* | 28.5 (17–41) | 35 (23–56) | 22 (14–38) | 0.011 |
| WBC, cells/mm3 (mean ± SD) | 6,714 ± 2,600 | 7,031 ± 2,579 | 6,577 ± 2,618 | 0.818 |
| ALC, cells/mm3 (mean ± SD)* | 1665 ± 736 | 1369 ± 732 | 1791 ± 705 | 0.014 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL (mean ± SD) | 12.0 ± 1.8 | 11.4 ± 2.4 | 12.3 ± 1.5 | 0.09 |
| Platelet, cells/mm3 (mean ± SD) | 232,000 ± 77,410 | 229,111 ± 97,242 | 233,523 ± 68,048 | 0.831 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dl (median[IQR]) | 0.71 (0.63–0.88) | 0.68 (0.63–1.17) | 0.72 (0.63–0.86) | 0.250 |
| UPCR (median[IQR])*** | 0.19 (0.11–0.39) | 0.72 (0.25–2.44) | 0.15 (0.1–0.23) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 20 (22.2) | 4 (14.81) | 16 (25.34) | 0.268 |
| Clinical SLEDAI (median[IQR])*** | 0 (0–2) | 4 (4–8) | 0 (0–0) | <0.001 |
| SLEDAI-2K (median[IQR])*** | 2 (0–4) | 6 (4–10) | 0 (0–2) | <0.001 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Prednisolone usage, n (%)*** | 60 (66.7) | 27 (100) | 33 (52.4) | <0.001 |
| Hydroxychloroquine usage, n (%) | 74 (82.2) | 20 (74.1) | 54 (85.7) | 0.231 |
| Azathioprine usage, n (%) | 31 (34.4) | 6 (22.2) | 25 (39.7) | 0.11 |
| Cyclophosphamide usage, n (%) | 8 (8.9) | 5 (18.5) | 3 (4.8) | 0.05 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil usage, n (%)* | 18 (20) | 10 (37) | 8 (12.7) | 0.01 |
| Tacrolimus usage, n (%)* | 3 (3.3) | 3 (11.1) | 0 (0) | 0.025 |
ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ALC, absolute lymphocyte count; UPCR, urine protein to creatinine ratio; SLEDAI, Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.