Table 1.

Summary of review contents. This review covers diverse but connected (figure 1) aspects of energy homeostasis. This table is intended to serve as a quick overview and guide to the phenomena and models we discuss.

physiological problem	methods	data sources	section	electronic supplementary material sections
Endocrine mechanisms (§2)
endocrine regulation of blood glucose	differential equations	plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations	2.1	(S2.1–S2.4)
blood glucose dynamics after eating	differential equations	stomach fullness and circulating metabolites	2.1	(S2.5–S2.7)
inter-individual variation in glucostasis	machine learning	patient-specific behavioural data (e.g. sleep duration), metabolites	2.2	(S2.8–S2.10), box 1
emergence of diabetes and leptin resistance	multiscale modelling	circulating metabolites, pancreatic β cell mass	2.3	(S2.11–S2.14)
Body composition (§3)
changes in body weight and composition	differential equations	average food intake, body weight and composition	3.1	(S3.1–S3.7), box 2
effect of macronutrient intake on growth and development	differential equations	growth curves, body composition measurements, energy intake/expenditure	3.2	(S3.8)
Feeding behaviour (§4)
food intake within a meal	control theory	feeding time series	4.1	(S4.1)
endocrine regulation of food intake	differential equations	food intake, circulating hormone concentrations	4.1	(S4.2, S4.3)
food intake planning	control theory	feeding time series	4.1	(S4.5, S4.6)
learning the rules governing behaviour	machine learning	feeding time series, neuronal activity	4.2	(S4.7, S4.8)