Figure 3.

Effect of G-MDSC accumulation on pulmonary hypertension (PH) and fibrosis. (A) Right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure (RVSP) was assessed by invasive catheterization of the internal jugular vein on mice on Day 33 of the bleomycin protocol. (B) RV remodeling was assessed at time of death by RV to left ventricle (LV) plus septum mass (RV:LV+S) percentage. (C) RVSP and (D) RV:LV + S were assessed in mice treated with liposome preparations beginning 1 week before, and continuing throughout, the chronic hypoxia protocol (Fi_O2, 10% exposure for 28 d). (E and F) Pulmonary fibrosis was assessed using modified Ashcroft (fibrosis) score, averaging 10 random high-powered fields of Masson trichrome–stained lung sections, at ×20 magnification. Magnification ×10 and ×20 (inset). Scale bars: 500 μm and 200 μm (inset). (G) Collagen content was determined using standard hydroxyproline assay (n = 12 per mouse group over course of three independent experiments). Results are plotted as the mean (±SEM). *P < 0.05. Hx = hypoxia; Nx = normoxia.