Table 2.

Muscle function and frequency of sarcopenia in the female group

	AD[−DM]	AD[+DM]	DrD
Upper extremities
Handgrip strength, kg	17.00±3.50	16.28±3.60	14.70±3.91*
Arm muscle mass, kg	1.37±0.26	1.37±0.25	1.44±0.30
Arm muscle quality, kg/kg	12.62±3.59	12.12±2.30	10.43±2.49**, #
Lower extremities
Leg strength, kg	16.11±4.73	15.05±4.23	13.86±5.48
Leg muscle mass, kg	4.74±0.74	4.59±0.63	4.75±0.96
Leg muscle quality, kg/kg	3.43±1.11	3.30±0.89	2.82±0.80*
Skeletal muscle mass index	5.54±0.64	5.53±0.65	5.69±0.91
Gait speed, m/s	0.97±0.17	0.91±0.17	0.80±0.21**
Frequency of sarcopenia, n (%)	24 (38)	24 (51)	9 (50)

Values are presented as the mean ± SD unless specified otherwise. For explanations of the abbreviations, see footnote to Table 1.

^*p < 0.05

^**p < 0.01 compared with AD[−DM]

^#p < 0.05 compared with AD[+DM].