Table 3.
Correlations Between Cognitive Measures and REM Sleep EMG Features in all PD Patients.
| Neuropsychological tests | EMG tonic | EMG phasic |
|---|---|---|
| Attention | ||
| Digit Span, scaled score | 0.027 | −0.138 |
| Trail Making Test part A, time, secª | 0.169 | 0.213 |
| Stroop Color-Word Test | ||
| III-II, time, secª | 0.366*** | 0.288** |
| III-II, errorsª | 0.176 | 0.113 |
| Executive functions | ||
| Trail Making Test part B, time, secª | 0.277** | 0.222* |
| Part B–part A, time, secª | 0.286** | 0.205 |
| Stroop Color-Word Test | ||
| IV-III time, secª | 0.098 | −0.108 |
| IV-III, errorsª | 0.156 | 0.134 |
| Verbal fluency | ||
| Semantic | −0.217 | −0.279* |
| Letter | −0.181 | −0.115 |
| Episodic learning and memory | ||
| Verbal | ||
| RAVLT | ||
| Sum of trials 1 to 5 | −0.226* | −0.183 |
| List B | −0.107 | −0.272* |
| Immediate recall | −0.174 | −0.209 |
| Delayed recall | −0.161 | −0.184 |
| Recognition | −0.118 | 0.028 |
| Nonverbal | ||
| Rey-O Complex Figure Test | ||
| Immediate recall | −0.167 | −0.197 |
| Delayed recall | −0.130 | −0.184 |
| Visuospatial | ||
| Rey-O Complex Figure Test, copy | −0.194 | −0.163 |
| Block Design, scaled score | −0.324** | −0.251* |
| Bells test, omissionsª | 0.120 | 0.029 |
| Language | ||
| Boston Naming Test | −0.123 | −0.037 |
| Vocabulary, scaled score | 0.054 | −0.115 |
| MMSE language score | −0.096 | −0.087 |
ªSpearman correlations.
EMG = electromyography; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; PD = Parkinson’s disease; RAVLT = Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test.
***p < .001; ** = p < .01; * = p < .05.