Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study populationa.
| All patients, N = 169 | Control group, N = 86 | CPAP group, N = 83 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 63.8 (7.3) | 63.7 (6.9) | 63.8 (7.8) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 110 (65.1) | 55 (64.0) | 55 (66.3) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%)b | |||
| White | 151 (89.3) | 77 (89.5) | 74 (89.2) |
| Black | 11 (6.5) | 6 (7.0) | 5 (6.0) |
| Hispanic | 6 (3.6) | 2 (2.3) | 4 (4.8) |
| Other | 7 (4.1) | 3 (3.5) | 4 (4.8) |
| Education, n (%)b | |||
| <High school | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.2) |
| High school graduate | 57 (33.7) | 24 (27.9) | 33 (39.8) |
| Bachelors or higher | 110 (65.1) | 61 (70.9) | 49 (59.0) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2)c | 31.7 (5.9) | 32.3 (6.5) | 31.1 (5.2) |
| Neck circumference, cm | 41.5 (3.9) | 41.9 (3.9) | 41.1 (4.0) |
| Smoking history, n (%) | |||
| Current | 13 (7.7) | 5 (5.8) | 8 (9.6) |
| Former | 85 (50.3) | 40 (46.5) | 45 (54.2) |
| Never | 71 (42.0) | 41 (47.7) | 30 (36.2) |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 144 (85.2) | 73 (84.9) | 71 (85.5) |
| History of CVD or diabetes, n (%) | |||
| Coronary artery disease | 58 (34.3) | 28 (32.6) | 30 (36.1) |
| Diabetes | 63 (37.3) | 35 (40.7) | 28 (33.7) |
| Stroke | 4 (2.4) | 2 (2.3) | 2 (2.4) |
| AHI, events/hr | |||
| Mean (SD) | 29.2 (16.6) | 32.0 (19.1) | 26.2 (12.9) |
| Median (IQR) | 23.9 (17.4–33.4) | 26.1 (18.2–37.4) | 22.7 (16.6–31.4) |
| Sleep time with SpO2 <90%, % | |||
| Mean (SD) | 9.2 (14.3) | 9.9 (15.2) | 8.5 (13.3) |
| Median (IQR) | 3.5 (0.9–11.0) | 3.7 (1.2–12.0) | 3.2 (0.6–10.8) |
Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; AHI, apnea–hypopnea index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IQR, interquartile range; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; SD, standard deviation; SpO2, oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry.
aData presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise specified.
bEducation, race and ethnic group were self-reported.
cThe body-mass index is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.