Table 2.
Vaccine name (sponsor) |
Vaccine type |
Antigen |
Phase (year) |
Target group |
Study design |
Summarized results or Trial ID |
Chimerivax-WN02 (Sanofi Pasteur) | Live attenuated chimeric | Prm and E of WNV NY99 into YEF 7D virus | Phase II | 18–40 y (n = 95) | 1-dose (dose-ranging) | PRNT seroconversion: >96% all (dose and age) groups |
2005–9 33 | 41–64 yrs (n = 33) | 4.103, 4.104 and 4.105 pfu | PRNT seroconversion: 92–95% all (dose) groups | |||
2008/9 34 | ≥ 65 yrs (n = 31) | 4.105 pfu | ||||
≥50 years (n = 359) | 4.105 pfu | |||||
1-dose (dose-ranging) | ||||||
4.103, 4.104 and 4.105 pfu | ||||||
VRC-WNVDNA020-00-VP 35 | Plasmid DNA | Prm, E of WNV NY99 with CMV/R promotor | Phase I 2006 35 | healthy adults (n = 30) | 3-dose regimen | Vaccine-induced antibody (ELISA) response in both age groups in 93% |
(replaces VRC-WNVDNA017-00 VP 36) (NIAID) | split in: 18–50 y (n = 15) | Vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody response in both age groups in 97% | ||||
51–65 y (n = 15) | 24–45% showed CD4+ or CD8+ T cell responses to E and Prm peptide pools | |||||
WN/DEN4-3′Δ30 (NIAID) | Live attenuated chimeric | Prm, E of WNV NY99 into dengue type 4 virus | Phase I 2004 37 | 18–50 y | 1 dose (103, 104 or 105 pfu) | Seroconversion was observed in 74% (103 PFU), 75% (104 pfu), and 55% (105 PFU) |
2007 37 | 18–50 y | 2-dose regimen (104 or 105 pfu) | A 2nd (105 pfu) dose 6 months after first dose increased the seroconversion rate to 89%. | |||
2014 38 | 50–65 y (n = 28) | 2-dose regimen (104 pfu) | Seroconversion rate 95% | |||
WN-80E (other name HBV-002) (Hawaii Biotech) | Rec. E subunit to aluminium hydroxide | E | Phase I 2008–9 39 | Low level neutralizing antibodies | ||
HydroVax-001 (NIAID) | Inactive whole WNV virion | Phase I 2015 | NCT02337868 |
CMV, cytomegalovirus; E, envelope protein; pfu, plaque forming units; Prm, premembrane protein; PRNT; plaque reduction neutralization titers; n, numbers of participants that received the WNV vaccine; NIAID, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; NY99, New York 1999 WNV strain; YEF, yellow Fever.