Table 1.

Blood glucose and insulin levels and the pregnancy outcomes of control and diabetic mothers.

The blood glucose levels were measured in the three groups of mice throughout the experimental period. The pooled data for ten mothers from each group are expressed as the mean value for each parameter ± SEM. ^* P <0.05 for diabetic vs. control; ^#P <0.05 for diabetic + CWP vs. control; ⁺P <0.05 for diabetic + CWP vs. diabetic (ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-test).

			Control mothers	Diabetic mothers	Diabetic mothers administered CWP
Parameters
Blood glucose levels (mg/dl)	Before pregnancy	3 days after vehicle or STZ injection	167 ± 6.5	253 ± 9.4*	248 ± 8.3†‡
	During pregnancy	1st week	148 ± 7.4	273 ± 11*	249 ± 7.1†‡
		2nd week	159 ± 9.1	297 ± 7.45*	257 ± 6.6†‡
		3rd week	189 ± 10.3	343 ± 9.9*	269 ± 8.4†‡
	After pregnancy	7th day postpartum	161 ± 8.8	372 ± 14.1*	252 ± 9.4†‡
Blood insulin (ng/mL)	3rd week after pregnancy	13 ± 1.2	5.3 ± 0.7*	8.68 ± 0.94†‡
Blood insulin (ng/mL)	7th day postpartum	12.7 ± 1.34	5.7 ± 0.64*	10.8 ± 1.04‡
Total pregnancies	10	10	10
Successful pregnancies	10	6	9
Abortion (%)	0	40	10
Total deliverable neonates	77	41	67
Live pups	74	32	62
Dead pups	3	9	5
Mortality (%)	3.9	21.95*	7.46†‡
Alive male offspring at 3 months of age	44	17	34
Alive female offspring at 3 months of age	30	15	28

^*P <0.05 for diabetic vs. control.

^†P <0.05 for diabetic + CWP vs. control.

^‡P <0.05 for diabetic + CWP vs. diabetic.