Table 2.
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association of each learning limitation with the antecedents listed on the left. These are based on a time oriented logistic regression model that added variables sequentially as they were identified. Earlier occurring variables could not be displaced. The selection of variables to offer the model is based on what was seen in earlier tables. Children with each of the learning limitations are compared to the same referent group of children who did not have that learning limitation.
| A. Working Memory (WM) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Socioeconomic | Socioeconomic & Pregnancy | Socioeconomic, Pregnancy & Early postnatal | |
| Socioeconomic | |||
| Black identification | 2.1 (1.4, 3.1) | 2.1 (1.4, 3.1) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.9) |
| Single marital status | 2.0 (1.3, 2.9) | 2.0 (1.3, 2.9) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.9) |
| Pregnancy | |||
| Nothing | ----- | ----- | |
| Early postnatal | |||
| SNAPPE-II 45+ | 1.8 (1.2, 2.7) | ||
| B. Inihibition-Inihibition (I-Inhib) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Socioeconomic | Socioeconomic & Pregnancy | Socioeconomic, Pregnancy & Early postnatal | |
| Socioeconomic | |||
| Maternal education ≤12 years | 1.7 (1.2, 2.3) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.2) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.2) |
| Pregnancy | |||
| NSAID during pregnancy | 2.2 (1.2, 4.1) | 2.1 (1.1, 3.9) | |
| Chorionic plate inflammation | 1,5 (1.03, 2.3) | 1.5 (1.02, 2.3) | |
| No magnesium sulfate | 1.7 (1.2, 2.3) | 1.7 (1.2, 2.4) | |
| Early postnatal | |||
| Birth weight ≤ 750 grams | 1.5 (1.1, 2.1) | ||
| C. Inihibition-Switching (I-Switch) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Socioeconomic | Socioeconomic & Pregnancy | Socioeconomic, Pregnancy & Early postnatal | |
| Socioeconomic | |||
| Black race | 2.4 (1.6, 3.6) | 2.4 (1.6, 3.6) | 2.8 (1.8, 4.5) |
| Maternal education ≤12 years | 1.4 (1.03, 2.1) | 1.4 (1.03, 2.1) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.6) |
| Single marital status | 1.6 (1.1, 2.2) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.2) | 1.9 (1.2, 2.8) |
| Pregnancy | |||
| Nothing | ----- | ----- | |
| Early postnatal | |||
| Highest Q highest PaO2* | 2.0 (1.3, 3.1) | ||
| Highest Q highest PCO2* | 2.1 (1.4, 3.2) | ||
| Mech ventilation, day 21MV | 1.8 (1.2, 2.5) | ||
| D. Executive Dysfunction composite (All) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Socioeconomic | Socioeconomic & Pregnancy | Socioeconomic, Pregnancy & Early postnatal | |
| Socioeconomic | |||
| Eligible for public insurance | 2.2 (1.4, 3.3) | 2.2 (1.4, 3.3) | 2.2 (1.4, 3.3) |
| Pregnancy | |||
| Nothing | ----- | ----- | |
| Early postnatal | |||
| Nothing | ----- | ||
*
Extreme quartile for gestational age on two of the first three postnatal days
MV
Includes conventional mechanical ventilation and high frequency ventilation