Table 2.
Incidence and categorization of AKI and its association with mortality after major abdominal surgery
| Study | Design | Setting | Criteria | AKI definition | N | Incidence | Mortality | AUROC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armstrong et al. [59] | Retrospective, single center | HBP | SCr | AKIN | 1535 | 5.10% 1–4.0% 2–0.8% 3–0.3% |
1.7% AKI versus 3.4% non-AKI, P = 0.21 | NA |
| Bell et al. [58] | Interrupted time series analysis | MA/GI | SCr | KDIGO | 3271 | 9.80% | NA | NA |
| Bihorac et al. [20] | Retrospective, single center | MA/GI | SCr | RIFLE | 2337 | 39.3% | NA | NA |
| Biteker et al. [12] | Prospective, single center | MA/GI | SCr | RIFLE | 510 | 6.7% | 6.1% AKI versus 0.9% non-AKI, P = 0.003 | NA |
| Brunelli et al. (2012) | Retrospective, single center | MA/GI | SCr | AKIN/RIFLE | 1912 | 26.80% | NA | NA |
| Causey et al. [32] | Retrospective, single center | Colorectal | SCr | RIFLE | 339 | 11.8% | 6.30% AKI versus 0.9%, P = 0.065 | NA |
| Chao et al. (2013) | Prospective, multicenter | MA/GI | SCr | AKIN | 4240 | 23.1% 1–13.7% 2–1.8% 3–7.6% |
28.40% 1–16% 2–29.7% 3–48.3% (HR 3.19, 95% CI 2.16–4.71; P < 0.001) |
0.728 |
| Cho et al. [4] | Prospective, single center | HBP | SCr, UO | AKIN | 131 | 7.6% 1–3.8% 2–1.5% 3–2.3% |
7.10% AKI versus 2.5% non-AKI, P > 0.05 | NA |
| Coca et al. [98] | Retrospective, multicenter | Non cardiac surgery | SCr | AKIN | 11.460 | 18.9% 1–5.2% 2–2.5% 3–1.2% |
NA | NA |
| Correa-Gallego et al. [60] | Retrospective, single center | HBP | SCr | RIFLE | 2166 | 15.5% R 12.8% I 2.3% F 0.4% |
1% AKI versus 2% non-AKI, P = 0.5 | NA |
| Grams et al. [89] | Retrospective, single center | MA/GI | SCr | KDIGO | 44.597 | 13.2% 1–9.4% 2–2.2% 3–1.5% |
IRR 6.40 (95% CI, 5.75, 7.12) P < 0.05) | NA |
| Kambakamba et al. [67] | Retrospective, single center | HBP | SCr | AKIN | 829 | 8.2% | 21% AKI versus 0.3% non-AKI, P < 0.001 | 0.765 |
| Kim et al. [68] | Retrospective, single center | UGI | SCr | KDIGO | 4718 | 14.4% 1–12.5% 2–1.3% 3–0.6% |
3.8% AKI versus 0.3% non-AKI, P < 0.001 (OR, 8.75; 95% CI, 3.98–19.27; P < 0.001) | NA |
| Lee et al. [62] | Retrospective, single center | UGI | SCr | AKIN | 595 | 35.3% 1–30.3% 2–2.7% 3–4.2% |
4.80% AKI versus 2.1% non-AKI, P = 0.115 | NA |
| Slankamenac et al. [64] | Retrospective, single center | HBP | SCr, UO | RIFLE | 569 | 15.1% | 22.5% AKI versus 0.8% non-AKI, P < 0.001 | 0.75 |
| Sun et al. [69] | Retrospective, single center | GYN | SCr | AKIN | 863 | 3.1% | NA | NA |
| Sun et al. [69] | Retrospective, single center | MA/GI | SCr | AKIN | 1351 | 9.6% | NA | NA |
| Teixeira et al. [8] | Retrospective, single center | MA/GI | SCr, UO | KDIGO | 450 | 22.4% 1–63.4% 2–19.8% 3–16.8% |
20.8% AKI versus 2.3% non-AKI, P < 0.001; OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.2–11.7, P = 0.024 | NA |
| Tomozawa et al. [65] | Retrospective, single center | HBP | SCr | AKIN | 642 | 12.1% 1–9.8% 2–2.0% 3–0.3% |
14.1% AKI versus 2.3% non-AKI, P < 0.0001 | NA |
| Vaught et al. [9] | Retrospective, single center | GYN | SCr | RIFLE | 2341 | 12.6% R–7.9% I–2.7% F–1.9% |
10% AKI versus 0.5% non-AKI, P < 0.0083 | 0.88 |
GI gastrointestinal, HPB hepato-biliary, RIFLE risk, injury failure, loss, end stage, AKIN Acute Kidney Injury Network, KDIGO Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, MA major abdominal, GYN gynecological, SCr serum creatinine, UO urinary output, IRR incidence rate ratio, NA not available