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. 2018 Feb 9;8:2776. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20509-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Stimuli and Task Design. (A) Examples of fearful expression by eye gaze pairings. All faces shown to participants in the actual experiment were taken from the NimStim or Ekman databases (not shown here due to publishing permissions) and displayed a fearful expression with either direct or averted gaze. Participants were instructed to make a button response if the stimulus was a non-face object, ensuring attentive viewing of all faces. (B) Sequence depicting one each of both brief (blue cuboids) and long (red cuboids) exposure trial types. Trials are always 2000 ms: 400–600 ms of a red fixation cross signifying trial start, followed by 250 ms or 883 ms of stimulus (corresponding to trial type), concluding with either 1150–1350 ms or 517–717 ms of a green fixation cross, dependent upon trial type. End-trial jitter is inversely timed with pre-trial jitter such that trial lengths are kept a constant 2000 ms.