Table 1.
Mitochondrial changes in the fibrotic lung.
| Feature | Change | Model | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species | Increased | Bleomycin mouse model | (44) |
| Asbestosis mouse model | |||
| Mitochondrial respiration | Decreased ETC complex activity, lower OCR | Human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lung tissue | (5, 15, 42, 43, 63, 66, 69) |
| Human lung fibroblasts | |||
| Human AECII | |||
| Alveolar macrophages | |||
| MHV68 model of lung fibrosis | |||
| ATP production | Decreased | IPF lung fibroblasts | (24, 43, 69) |
| IPF lung myofibroblasts | |||
| IPF total lung | |||
| mtDNA | Increased oxidative damage, insufficient mtDNA repair | IPF total lung | (5, 44, 48) |
| Murine AECII | |||
| Bleomycin mouse model | |||
| Asbestosis mouse model | |||
| Mitochondrial biogenesis | Decrease | IPF total lung | (15) |
| Bleomycin mouse model | |||
| Mitochondrial dynamics | Imbalanced | MHV68 mouse model of fibrosis | (5) |
| Mitophagy alterations | Reduced levels of mediators of mitochondrial quality control in epithelial cells and fibroblasts | IPF AECII IPF lung fibroblasts IPF pulmonary macrophages Bleomycin mouse model |
(5, 24, 25, 30) |
| Increased mitophagy in macrophages | |||
| MHV68 mouse model of fibrosis | |||
| Decreased expression of SIRT3 | Acetylation of mitochondrial proteins | IPF total lung | (48, 52) |
| Bleomycin mouse model | |||
| Asbestosis mouse model | |||
ETC, electron transport chain; OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation; AECII, alveolar type II epithelial cells; OCR, oxygen consumption rate.