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. 2018 Feb 6;8:2364. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02364

Table 3.

Effects of cognitive remediation on psychiatric symptoms.

Psychiatric symptoms CR + PR PR Only TAU Group × Time ES
n = 18 n = 19 n = 16 p-value (ηp2)
Pre Post Pre Post Pre Post
M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD)
PANSS
Cognition 23.11 (6.26) 22.79 (8.03) 21.32 (3.96) 22.42 (4.57) 23.53 (5.58) 21.58 (11.98) 0.56 0.02
Depression/Anxiety 11.58 (5.23) 9.42 (4.82) 10.11 (4.19) 9.84 (3.2) 8.89 (2.98) 8.26 (4.93) 0.44 0.03
Excitement/Hostility 5.74 (1.88) 5.95 (2.44) 5.84 (1.68) 6.05 (1.9) 6.74 (2.21) 6.95 (4.36) 1.00 0.00
Negative 16.58 (5.43) 15.58 (7.43) 15.37 (5.96) 19.05 (6.07) 17.37 (7.22) 17.68 (10.07) 0.12 0.08
Positive 13.32 (6.28) 12.26 (6.13) 12.16 (5.04) 12.53 (5.49) 12.21 (4.39) 11.05 (6.32) 0.58 0.02

CR, Cognitive remediation; PR, Psychiatric rehabilitation; TAU, Treatment as usual; ES, Effect size; ηp2, Partial eta square; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.