Table 3.
Effects of cognitive remediation on psychiatric symptoms.
| Psychiatric symptoms | CR + PR | PR Only | TAU | Group × Time | ES | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 18 | n = 19 | n = 16 | p-value | () | |||||
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Pre | Post | ||||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | ||||
| PANSS | |||||||||
| Cognition | 23.11 (6.26) | 22.79 (8.03) | 21.32 (3.96) | 22.42 (4.57) | 23.53 (5.58) | 21.58 (11.98) | 0.56 | 0.02 | |
| Depression/Anxiety | 11.58 (5.23) | 9.42 (4.82) | 10.11 (4.19) | 9.84 (3.2) | 8.89 (2.98) | 8.26 (4.93) | 0.44 | 0.03 | |
| Excitement/Hostility | 5.74 (1.88) | 5.95 (2.44) | 5.84 (1.68) | 6.05 (1.9) | 6.74 (2.21) | 6.95 (4.36) | 1.00 | 0.00 | |
| Negative | 16.58 (5.43) | 15.58 (7.43) | 15.37 (5.96) | 19.05 (6.07) | 17.37 (7.22) | 17.68 (10.07) | 0.12 | 0.08 | |
| Positive | 13.32 (6.28) | 12.26 (6.13) | 12.16 (5.04) | 12.53 (5.49) | 12.21 (4.39) | 11.05 (6.32) | 0.58 | 0.02 | |
CR, Cognitive remediation; PR, Psychiatric rehabilitation; TAU, Treatment as usual; ES, Effect size; , Partial eta square; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.