Splenocytes were gated (A), and total percentages of follicular, marginal zone, and transitional B cells were plotted for vancomycin, ampicillin, metronidazole, and neomycin (VAMN)–treated 564+/+, untreated mice, and compared to B6 controls (all between 4 and 6 months; B). Each dot represents one animal. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's multiple comparison test. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (B). ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.