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. 2018 Feb 6;9:107. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00107

FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 6

Analyses of cytosolic and vacuolar Cd in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts. (A–C) WT protoplast treated without Cd. WT (D–F), atpcs1 (G–I), 35S::VsPCS1 (J–O) and 35S::VsPCS1/atpcs1 (P–U), protoplasts isolated from plants grown in10 μM CdCl2 for 5 days. LeadmiumTM Green signal was detected in protoplasts of the WT (D), 35S::VsPCS1 (J,M), 35S::VsPCS1/atpcs1 (P,S), and atpcs1 mutant (G). Merged images of green LeadmiumTM Green and red chlorophyll auto-fluorescence (B,E,H,K,N,Q,T) and bright-field images (C,F,I,L,O,R,U) are shown. Scale bars = 14 μm. (V) Fluorescence signal intensity in the cytosol and in the vacuole, values are means ± SD (n = 15–20), and columns labeled with distinct lowercase letters or uppercase indicate statistically significant differences in cytosol or in vacuole among treatments, respectively.