Table 4.

Predictors of the Prevalence of Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Prophylaxis as Newborn Regimen

	Univariablea		Multivariable
Predictor	Prevalence ratio (95% CI)	p	Prevalence ratio (95% CI)	p
Birth year (ref: >2010)
1996–2000	1.04 (0.77–1.41)	0.80	0.95 (0.61–1.47)	0.81
2001–2005	1.02 (0.73–1.41)	0.93	1.03 (0.72–1.49)	0.86
2006–2010	0.59 (0.41–0.84)	0.003	0.56 (0.39–0.81)	0.002
Maternal viral loadb (copies/mL) (ref: ≤400 copies/mL)
>1000	1.86 (1.44–2.39)	<0.001	1.40 (1.00–1.96)	0.05
401–1000	1.65 (1.07–2.53)	0.02	1.51 (0.95–2.41)	0.08
Maternal CD4 countb (cells/μL) (ref: ≥350 cells/μL)
<200	2.23 (1.62–3.06)	<0.001	2.02 (1.45–2.83)	<0.001
200–349	1.73 (1.31–2.30)	<0.001	1.70 (1.27–2.28)	<0.001
Time initiating ARV regimen (ref: 1st or 2nd trimester)
No ARV	2.46 (1.41–4.30)	0.002	2.24 (1.13–4.46)	0.02
Late ARV (3rd trimester)	1.13 (0.78–1.62)	0.52	0.86 (0.56–1.32)	0.49
Cesarean delivery (vs vaginal)	1.54 (1.21–1.97)	<0.001	1.54 (1.18–2.01)	0.002
Age of motherb (ref: 20–34 years)
≥35 years	0.97 (0.70–1.35)	0.87	0.92 (0.65–1.31)	0.65
<20 years	1.37 (0.91–2.06)	0.14	1.82 (1.19–2.80)	0.01
Low maternal education (<high school graduate)	0.77 (0.59–1.00)	0.05	0.78 (0.58–1.03)	0.08
Race/ethnicity (ref: black non-Hispanic)
Hispanic	0.50 (0.37–0.68)	<0.001	0.54 (0.39–0.75)	<0.001
White/other non-Hispanic	1.37 (0.97–1.92)	0.07	1.36 (0.92–2.01)	0.13

Combination prophylaxis defined as at least two ARV drugs received in the first 8 weeks of life, compared to either monotherapy (primarily ZDV) or ZDV+SD NVP.

^aUnivariable associations are only shown for those predictors retained in the final adjusted multivariable model.

^bLatest measure before or at labor/delivery.

ARV, antiretroviral; CI, confidence interval; SD NVP, single-dose nevirapine; ZDV, zidovudine.