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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Control Release. 2017 Nov 21;270:1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.030

Figure 6. cGAMP microparticles expand germinal center B cells and central memory T cells, and protect against lethal influenza challenge.

Figure 6

(A–C) C57BL/6 mice were injected i.m. on days 0 and 21 with PBS, or soluble hemagglutinin (HA, 1 μg) either alone or combined with blank microparticles (Blank MPs), soluble cGAMP (Sol. cGAMP, 0.2 μg), cGAMP MPs (0.2 μg cGAMP in 1 mg MPs), or Alhydrogel 2% (Alum, 1:1 by volume). (A) Lymph nodes were collected on day 35 and analyzed for total germinal center B cells (CD19+GL7+CD95+). (B–C) Spleens were collected and analyzed for total central memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (CD4/CD8+CD62hiCD44hi) (n=6–10 mice ± SD pooled from two individual experiments, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). (D–E) Alternatively, mice were immunized as above and challenged one month post-boost. Animal survival (D) and weight loss (E) were monitored for 14 days post challenge. The last recorded weight of deceased animals was used to calculate group averages at subsequent time points. (n=12–13 ± SD, *p < 0.05).