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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 12.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2015 Feb 18;115(7):2483–2531. doi: 10.1021/cr500537t

Figure 17.

Figure 17

Label-free electrochemical graphene–palladium nanoparticle nanocomposite-based immunosensor for alpha fetoprotein. (A) Schematic illustration for the preparation of Pd nanoparticles conjugated with rGO. (B) Differential pulse voltammetric response for the modified electrode toward different concentrations of AFP in 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4); pulse period, 0.2 s; amplitude, 50 mV. (C) Calibration curves of Pd–rGO modified immunosensor to different concentrations of AFP, error bar = relative standard deviation (n = 5). Reprinted with permission from ref 143. Copyright 2014 Elsevier.