Table 4.

Differences in the frequency of provision of the types of patient navigation services by work setting.

Characteristic of Workplace	Basic Navigation	Making Arrangements and Referrals to Services	Care Coordination	Treatment Support	Clinical Trials/Peer support
Geographical setting of workplace
Rural (n = 189)	3.20 (0.71)	1.85 (0.47)	1.92 (0.58)	2.38 (0.66)c	1.68 (0.54)c,d
Urban (n = 424)	3.15 (0.66)	1.80 (0.41)	1.93 (0.57)	2.44 (0.69)d	1.87 (0.61)d
Suburban (n = 198)	3.29 (0.60)	1.72 (0.34)	1.94 (0.49)	2.61 (0.68)c,d	1.92 (0.55)c,
p	.059a	.075a	.953	.002	<.001
Navigator works in hospital
Yes (n = 316)	3.29 (0.58)	1.77 (0.38)	1.93 (0.51)	2.60 (0.63)	1.99 (0.58)
No (n = 503)	3.13 (0.71)	1.81 (0.42)	1.93 (0.58)	2.38 (0.70)	1.74 (0.57)
p	<.001b	.284	.956 b	<.001b	<.001
Navigator works in community based organization
Yes (n = 120)	3.12 (0.68)	1.90 (0.44)	1.93(0.68)	2.32 (0.69)	1.92(0.59)
No (n = 699)	3.20 (0.66)	1.78 (0.40)	1.93 (0.53)	2.49 (0.68)	1.82 (0.58)
p	.194	.003	.915b	.015	.093
Navigator works in community health center
Yes (n = 85)	3.30 (0.67)	1.84 (0.48)	2.19 (0.60)	2.54 (0.74)	1.67 (0.60)
No (n = 734)	3.18 (0.66)	1.79 (0.40)	1.90 (0.54)	2.45 (0.67)	1.86 (0.58)
p	.119	.245	<.001	.304 b	.006
Navigator works in government organization
Yes (n = 78)	2.94 (0.84)	1.69 (0.41)	1.92 (0.55)	2.23 (0.67)	1.52 (0.44)
No (n = 741)	3.22 (0.64)	1.80 (0.41)	1.93 (0.55)	2.49 (0.68)	1.87 (0.59)
p	.006b	.024	.793	.001	<.001b

Note:

^aKruskal-Wallis test,

^bLevene’s test of homogeneity of variances significant, t test does not assume equal variances,

^c–gindicates significant differences between groups (for example, geographical setting of workplace) performing a particular task (for example, arrangements) according to Bonferroni tests with correction for multiple comparisons