Table 1. Clinical and metabolic characteristics of patients included in the 6-year follow-up analyses.
| Males (n = 539) |
Females (n = 532) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow-up | P | Baseline | Follow-up | P | ||
| Age years | (mean ± SD) | 57.8 ± 12.8 | 63.8 ± 12.8 | 63.9 ± 11.1 | 69.9 ± 11.1 | ||
| BMI | (kg/m2) | 26.0 ± 3.0 | 26.1 ± 3.2 | 0.017 | 24.5 ± 3.7 | 24.6 ± 3.9 | 0.270 |
| WC | (cm) | 94.3 ± 8.1 | 95.4 ± 8.4 | 0.000 | 87.3 ± 10.7 | 88.2 ± 10.6 | 0.000 |
| Total cholesterol | (mg/dL) | 213.9 ± 44.3 | 212.2 ± 45.9 | 0.401 | 230.7 ± 41.8 | 229.3 ± 43.2 | 0.461 |
| LDL cholesterol | (mg/dL) | 138.1 ± 47.6 | 132.0 ± 47.6 | 0.001 | 150.5 ± 39.3 | 141.8 ± 41.0 | 0.000 |
| TG | (mg/dL) | 162.3 ± 161.3 | 157.8 ± 126.2 | 0.473 | 116.3 ± 60.6 | 121.6 ± 65.6 | 0.034 |
| HDL cholesterol | (mg/dL) | 43.4 ± 11.8 | 48.6 ± 13.0 | 0.000 | 57.0 ± 15.9 | 63.2 ± 16.2 | 0.000 |
| FG | (mg/dL) | 90.6 ± 16.9 | 95.5 ± 21.6 | 0.000 | 85.3 ± 14.8 | 89.3 ± 15.7 | 0.000 |
| DBP | (mmHg) | 77.3 ± 8.3 | 80.0 ± 7.8 | 0.000 | 77.3 ± 7.9 | 79.3 ± 7.2 | 0.000 |
| SBP | (mmHg) | 128.1 ± 13.6 | 130.5 ± 13.5 | 0.000 | 130.5 ± 15.4 | 131.1 ± 14.0 | 0.309 |
| T2DM | (%) | 51 (9.5) | 65 (12.1) | 0.003 | 25 (4.7) | 43 (8.0) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | (%) | 382 (70.9) | 394 (73.1) | 0.261 | 381 (70.6) | 397 (73.6) | 0.154 |
| Primary prevention | (%) | 405 (75.1) | 392 (72.7) | 0.000 | 482 (89.5) | 469 (87.0) | 0.000 |
| Secondary prevention | (%) | 134 (24.9) | 147 (27.3) | 0.000 | 57 (10.5) | 70 (13.0) | 0.000 |
| BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | (%) | 57.5 (310) | 61.1 (329) | 0.022 | 41.2 (219) | 42.2 (225) | 0.466 |
| WHtR ≥ 0.5 | (%) | 86.1 (464) | 89.1 (480) | 0.019 | 74.8 (398) | 77.2 (411) | 0.094 |
| WC ≥ 102 cm (males); ≥ 88 cm (females) | (%) | 18.4 (99) | 21.5 (116) | 0.029 | 47.2 (251) | 51.7 (275) | 0.001 |
| Statins | (%) | 228 (42.3) | 258 (47.9) | 0.000 | 273 (50.7) | 286 (53.1) | 0.002 |
| Fibrates | (%) | 123 (22.8) | 106 (19.7) | 0.001 | 46 (8.5) | 51(9.4) | 0.960 |
| Antihypertensives | (%) | 247 (45.8) | 266 (49.4) | 0.000 | 248 (46.0) | 263 (48.8) | 0.000 |
Values are expressed as means ± SD or as number of cases and percentage. Comparisons between baseline and follow-up were calculated by paired t-test. BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumferences; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TG, triglycerides; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; FG, fasting glucose; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.