Table 1.
Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis of probes
| Drug | Parameter | Without dicloxacillin | With dicloxacillin | GMR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Tolbutamide
(CYP2C9) |
AUC0–24 h (ng*h ml–1) | 621 507 (505775–744 162) | 404 391 (355015–582 480) | 0.73 (0.65, 0.81) |
| Cmax (ng ml–1) | 51 706 (48907–54 467) | 49 130 (47739–52 615) | 0.93 (0.87, 1.00) | |
| T½ (h) | 9.0 (6.8–13.5) | 6.1 (4.8–9.2) | 0.72 (0.65, 0.79) | |
| CLf (l h–1) | 0.06 (0.05–0.12) | 0.12 (0.09–0.16) | 1.64 (1.44, 1.87) | |
|
Omeprazole
(CYP2C19) |
AUC0–24 h (ng*h ml–1) | 228.4 (188.8–343.7) | 80.2 (63.7–101.1) | 0.33 (0.24, 0.45) |
| Cmax (ng ml–1) | 149.5 (105.5–242.2) | 58.0 (42.8–77.3) | 0.40 (0.25, 0.66) | |
| T½ (h) | 1.5 (1.2–3.5) | 3.5 (2.2–5.6) | 1.62 (0.71, 3.71) | |
| CLf (l h–1) | 1.9 (0.5–4.3) | 3.7 (1.7–7.5) | 2.01 (0.69, 5.89) | |
|
Midazolam
(CYP3A4) |
AUC0–24 h (ng*h ml–1) | 37.4 (31.9–44.0) | 23.5 (14.6–29.1) | 0.54 (0.41, 0.72) |
| Cmax (ng ml–1) | 12.0 (9.6–13.7) | 8.9 (6.2–12.5) | 0.77 (0.59, 1.01) | |
| T½ (h) | 7.6 (5.5–9.9) | 7.7 (6.3–8.5) | 1.08 (0.87, 1.33) | |
| CLf (l h–1) | 38 (31–43) | 67 (42–80) | 1.59 (1.23, 2.06) | |
|
Dextromethorphan
(CYP2D6) |
AUC0–24 h (ng*h ml–1) | 12.0 (5.4–24.5) | 4.5 (2.7–11.2) | 0.52 (0.32, 0.83) |
| Cmax (ng ml–1) | 1.15 (0.74–2.5) | 0.76 (0.65–0.95) | 0.69 (0.54, 0.89) | |
| T½ (h) (n = 6) | 13.9 (12.4–18.2) | 21.4 (11.8–25.1) | 1.25 (0.53, 2.93) | |
| CLf (l h–1) | 771 (275–1927) | 1561 (483–2800) | 1.57 (0.97, 2.55) | |
|
Caffeine
a
(CYP1A2) |
AUC0–24 h (ng*h ml–1) | 22 447 (20671–27 837) | 19 358 (14563–23 851) | 0.81 (0.71, 0.92) |
| Cmax (ng m–1l) | 3185 (2936–3890) | 3213 (2838–3422) | 0.92 (0.81, 1.04) | |
| T½ (h) | 4.5 (3.9–4.6) | 4.0 (3.0–4.8) | 0.88 (0.79, 0.99) | |
| CLf (1 h–1) | 0.45 (0.33–0.50) | 0.47 (0.38–0.62) | 1.17 (0.98, 1.39) |
Data are shown as medians with interquartile ranges. AUC0–24 h, area under the plasma concentration–time curve from 0 to 24 h; CI, confidence interval; Cmax, maximum plasma concentration; CLf: formation clearance of the main metabolite; CYP, cytochrome P450; GMR, geometric mean ratio; T½, half‐life
a
Pharmacokinetic data for only 10 individuals for caffeine are shown