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. 2018 Feb 8;6:8. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00008

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Copyright © 2018 Wheway, Nazlamova and Hancock.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Hippo signaling through the primary cilium. (A) In the unstimulated “off” state, MST1/2 phopsphorylates LATS1/2, resulting in the downstream phosphorylation and inactivation of YAP/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP/TAZ causes it to bind 14-3-3 and be retained in the cytoplasm, preventing it from complexing with TEAD1-4 to activate transcription of target genes. (B) In the ciliated “on” state, NPHP complex proteins bind MST1/2 at the basal body, and LATS1/2, preventing phosphorylation and activation of YAP/TAZ. YAP/TAZ is then free to enter the nucleus and complex with TEAD1-4 to activate transcription of target genes.