Table 3.
RBC membrane FA levels (% of total FA) after 4 months
| Formula D n = 23 |
Formula P n = 24 |
Formula PDHA n = 23 |
BF n = 18 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total SFA | 33.4 ± 3.1 | 34.1 ± 3.6 | 35.2 ± 2.5 | 34.7 ± 2.9 | 0.514 |
| Total MUFA | 22.4 ± 2.1a | 21.5 ± 1.5a, b | 20.2 ± 1.4b | 21.0 ± 2.1b | < 0.001 |
| Total PUFA | 43.7 ± 3.6 | 44.1 ± 3.7 | 44.3 ± 2.5 | 43.9 ± 3.5 | 0.342 |
| Total Omega 6 | 35.0 ± 2.7 | 38.3 ± 3.3 | 35.4 ± 1.8 | 34.0 ± 2.5 | 0.465 |
| 18:2(n-6) LA | 6.2 ± 0.6a | 6.3 ± 0.6a | 4.4 ± 0.4b | 3.8 ± 0.8c | < 0.001 |
| 20:4(n-6) ARA | 20.3 ± 1.9 | 21.6 ± 2.2 | 22.6 ± 1.5 | 22.2 ± 1.7 | 0.747 |
| 22:4(n-6) | 5.9 ± 1.1 | 6.9 ± 1.3 | 6.2 ± 1.1 | 5.6 ± 1.5 | 0.261 |
| 22:5(n-6) DPA n-6 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.359 |
| 18:3(n-3) ALA | 0.2 ± 0.0a | 0.1 ± 0.0b | 0.1 ± 0.0b | 0.1 ± 0.1b | < 0.001 |
| 20:5(n-3) EPA | 0.7 ± 0.2a | 0.3 ± 0.1b | 0.4 ± 0.1c | 0.5 ± 0.1c | < 0.001 |
Formula D (n = 23) contained a mixture of dairy lipids and plant oils; formula P (n = 24) contained only plant oils and formula PDHA (n = 23) contained plant oils supplemented with ARA and DHA. BF: breastfed reference group (n = 18). PE: phosphatidylethanolamine
Comparison of the 4 groups by ANOVA with 3 fixed factors (Sex, gestational age, group) and post-hoc Tukey’s adjustments
a ≠ b ≠ c; p < 0.05