TABLE III.
Becoming a Man Studies 1 and 2: Baseline Characteristics
| Study 1 | Study 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Treatment | Control | Treatment | |
| No. of students | 1,267 | 1,473 | 1,048 | 1,016 |
| Baseline characteristic | ||||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age | 15.70 | 15.51 | 14.75 | 14.81 |
| Black | 72% | 69% | 70% | 68% |
| Hispanic | 28% | 31% | 28% | 30% |
| Schooling | ||||
| Grade | 9.42 | 9.29 | 9.41 | 9.46 |
| Old for grade | 55% | 51% | 35% | 35% |
| GPA | 1.68 | 1.73 | 2.11 | 2.16 |
| Days present | 129.86 | 133.60 | 148.18 | 149.78 |
| Learning disability | 20% | 19% | 17% | 16% |
| Crime | ||||
| Any baseline arrests | 37% | 35% | 23% | 23% |
| No. of baseline arrests for: | ||||
| Violent offenses | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.19 | 0.18 |
| Property offenses | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.13 |
| Drug offenses | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.14 |
| Other offenses | 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.29 | 0.32 |
| p-value on F-test of treatment-control comparison for all baseline characteristics | .409 | .991 | ||
Notes. Asterisks indicate statistical significance of pairwise treatment-control comparison for a given baseline characteristic controlling for randomization block fixed effects with heteroscedasticity-robust standard errors. Data from Chicago Public Schools administrative data, Illinois State Police arrest records (study 1), and Chicago Police Department arrest records (study 2). Means calculated using non-missing observations for each variable. Pre-program arrests are arrests prior to start of program school year. For study 1, the baseline school year (AY2009–10) was 170 days; for study 2, the baseline year (AY2013–14) was 180 days. GPA is measured on a 0–4 scale. Joint significance tests for equality of all baseline characteristics use only nonmissing data (n for joint tests: study 1 = 2,579, study 2 = 1,770). * p < .10, ** p < .05, *** p < .01.