Figure 1.

Simplified MCC tree representing the time-scale phylogeny of kobuviruses from all hosts based on the VP1 gene. The nodes of Kobuvirus species that have multiple sequences are collapsed into polytomies. Branches are coloured according to their descendent nodes annotated by the different host orders, with the key for colours shown on the left. Bayesian posterior probabilities are given at the nodes of major clades. The names of kobuvirus species (AiV A to F and unassigned kobuvirus) are presented on the node if represented by multiple sequences or above the branch if represent by a single sequence. Red stars indicated Vietnamese sequences obtained in that host species in this study. Cross-species transmission with Bayes Factor ≥5 is indicated with arrows. The scale bars indicate the branch lengths in year. The tree being labelled with sequences accession numbers is in Supplementary Fig. S1.