Table 1.
Nuclear DNA methylation in the rat brain following morphine induction.
| Region | Treatment | Bdnf | Comt | Il1b | Il6-1 | Nr3c1 | Tnf | L1-5utr | L1-orf | 5-hmc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cerebellum | Control | 3.0 (0.2) | 82.5 (0.3) | 64.2 (0.7) | 6.3 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.0) | 62.5 (2.2) | 53.3 (0.1) | 80.4 (0.5) | 0.48 (0.07) |
| Acute | 3.0 (0.2) | 83.6 (0.5) | 66.2 (1.3) | 5.9 (0.3) | 1.2 (0.1) | 63.2 (2.8) | 53.8 (0.3) | 82.9 (0.3) | 0.51 (0.06) | |
| Chronic | 3.5 (0.4) | 82.4 (0.3) | 64.8 (0.4) | 6.0 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 65.3 (0.9) | 53.5 (0.1) | 82.4 (0.2) | 0.63 (0.03) | |
| Cerebral cortex | Control | 3.8 (0.2) | 75.8 (1.3) | 74.1 (0.7) | 5.5 (0.2) | 5.7 (1.7) | 56.4 (1.3) | 53.7 (0.4) | 79.7 (0.5) | 0.50 (0.06) |
| Acute | 4.1 (0.4) | 74.8 (0.9) | 76.1 (1.0) | 8.2 (1.8) | 3.1 (1.4) | 55.3 (1.4) | 53.3 (0.2) | 80.0 (0.7) | 0.54 (0.03) | |
| Chronic | 3.8 (0.4) | 77.5 (0.5) | 74.6 (2.2) | 5.5 (0.5) | 4.7 (0.9) | 52.8 (1.2) | 53.6 (0.2) | 79.3 (0.7) | 0.78 (0.03) | |
| Hippocampus | Control | 4.3 (0.4) | 72.4 (1.0) | 76.5 (1.3) | 6.5 (0.4) | 1.0 (0.1) | 57.1 (1.0) | 54.8 (0.6) | 82.2 (0.2) | 0.34 (0.02) |
| Acute | 3.5 (0.2) | 70.0 (1.1) | 71.8 (1.0) | 5.7 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.1) | 57.5 (1.8) | 53.7 (0.2) | 83.2 (0.2) | 0.35 (0.01) | |
| Chronic | 3.4 (0.2) | 71.9 (0.2) | 74.8 (0.7) | 6.4 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.2) | 58.9 (1.0) | 54.0 (0.4) | 82.5 (0.2) | 0.43 (0.01) | |
| Hypothalamus | Control | 3.6 (0.1) | 65.1 (0.8) | 70.1 (0.9) | 21.8 (1.1) | 1.1 (0.1) | 59.4 (1.5) | 53.6 (0.5) | 81.1 (0.2) | 0.40 (0.02) |
| Acute | 3.8 (0.2) | 65.2 (1.5) | 68.9 (2.1) | 16.4 (2.7) | 1.3 (0.2) | 55.9 (1.4) | 54.0 (0.6) | 81.5 (0.4) | 0.46 (0.02) | |
| Chronic | 3.7 (0.3) | 65.0 (0.8) | 68.0 (1.2) | 20.4 (0.9) | 1.1 (0.1) | 58.9 (1.1) | 54.3 (0.7) | 83.4 (0.3) | 0.54 (0.03) | |
| Inferior colliculus | Control | 4.6 (0.3) | 73.4 (0.5) | 71.1 (3.4) | 23.0 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.2) | 62.0 (2.1) | 54.5 (0.5) | 82.6 (0.1) | 0.57 (0.1) |
| Acute | 3.9 (0.4) | 72.6 (0.9) | 72.4 (3.8) | 22.5 (1.2) | 1.3 (0.1) | 62.5 (1.7) | 54.2 (0.4) | 80.0 (0.5) | 0.62 (0.07) | |
| Chronic | 4.0 (0.4) | 72.7 (0.5) | 76.1 (0.7) | 24.0 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.1) | 63.7 (1.3) | 53.6 (0.6) | 77.5 (2.2) | 0.79 (0.04) | |
| Medulla oblongata | Control | 3.7 (0.4) | 69.8 (2.3) | 64.8 (1.1) | 13.7 (1.4) | 1.0 (0.1) | 54.0 (1.5) | 53.4 (0.3) | 80.1 (0.5) | 0.51 (0.05) |
| Acute | 3.4 (0.3) | 69.1 (1.1) | 65.7 (3.6) | 13.2 (0.9) | 1.1 (0.1) | 53.0 (1.5) | 54.5 (0.6) | 81.8 (0.2) | 0.56 (0.07) | |
| Chronic | 3.8 (0.2) | 67.3 (0.8) | 68.4 (0.9) | 14.6 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.1) | 56.5 (0.4) | 53.9 (0.4) | 82.7 (0.1) | 0.66 (0.08) | |
| Midbrain | Control | 3.3 (0.1) | 66.8 (0.9) | 76.6 (1.7) | 18.8 (1.8) | 1.8 (0.5) | 58.8 (1.7) | 55.4 (0.6) | 81.9 (0.2) | 0.79 (0.05) |
| Acute | 3.7 (0.4) | 68.1 (1.1) | 72.0 (1.8) | 19.3 (0.9) | 1.9 (0.4) | 57.2 (1.8) | 53.3 (0.4) | 81.8 (0.4) | 0.72 (0.03) | |
| Chronic | 3.2 (0.3) | 68.2 (1.0) | 73.6 (2.0) | 21.3 (1.2) | 1.6 (0.3) | 60.6 (2.1) | 54.6 (0.7) | 80.7 (0.1) | 0.36 (0.01) | |
| Pons | Control | 3.9 (0.2) | 77.3 (1.1) | 74.3 (0.7) | 11.6 (0.9) | 3.9 (1.1) | 55.5 (0.6) | 53.6 (0.4) | 83.1 (0.3) | 0.69 (0.09) |
| Acute | 3.3 (0.1) | 71.6 (2.7) | 75.0 (1.4) | 14.3 (0.7) | 3.6 (0.8) | 54.3 (1.1) | 53.8 (0.3) | 82.3 (0.1) | 0.58 (0.05) | |
| Chronic | 3.1 (0.2) | 66.9 (0.8) | 72.5 (1.6) | 12.8 (1.4) | 3.7 (1.1) | 56.6 (2.5) | 54.9 (0.3) | 78.5 (0.2) | 0.57 (0.06) | |
| Superior colliculus | Control | 3.7 (0.2) | 74.8 (0.4) | 60.3 (4.7) | 24.6 (1.4) | 1.2 (0.2) | 57.0 (2.1) | 53.9 (0.4) | 79.7 (0.3) | 0.54 (0.04) |
| Acute | 3.3 (0.3) | 73.4 (1.8) | 59.4 (3.6) | 21.4 (1.8) | 1.8 (0.5) | 57.9 (1.6) | 53.9 (0.3) | 79.0 (0.2) | 0.53 (0.03) | |
| Chronic | 3.2 (0.3) | 74.1 (0.7) | 58.4 (2.2) | 25.1 (0.6) | 1.2 (0.1) | 60.8 (1.1) | 53.6 (0.0) | 81.9 (0.2) | 0.51 (0.03) | |
| Thalamus | Control | 3.6 (0.2) | 67.7 (0.6) | 73.5 (0.8) | 21.0 (2.0) | 1.7 (0.3) | 57.7 (1.1) | 54.4 (0.3) | 82.8 (0.1) | 0.37 (0.01) |
| Acute | 3.4 (0.1) | 67.1 (1.0) | 72.9 (2.4) | 20.1 (2.2) | 1.8 (0.4) | 57.9 (2.4) | 54.7 (0.1) | 81.3 (0.2) | 0.36 (<0.01) | |
| Chronic | 3.6 (0.3) | 67.9 (0.8) | 72.2 (1.0) | 22.2 (0.8) | 2.0 (0.4) | 60.1 (1.3) | 53.5 (0.2) | 81.7 (0.4) | 0.37 (<0.01) |
Mean DNA methylation levels of six genes (Bdnf, Comt, Il1b, Il6, Nr3c1, and Tnf), global DNA methylcytosine (L1-5utr and L1-orf) and global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are provided for the 10 regions of the rat brain that were analyzed, with standard error of the mean in brackets.