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. 2018 Feb 13;13(2):e0192088. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192088

Table 1. Sample characteristics.

All subjects Non-Perseverators Perseverators
Good Sleep Insomnia Symptoms Good Sleep Insomnia Symptoms
 Sample size 1126 520 122; 16.44% 350 134; 27.69%
 Age 46.80±13.29 47.68±13.26 45.75±13.64 46.80±13.24 44.37±13.01 F = 2.51, p = .06
Gender (Women) 651; 57.8% 241; 46.3%c,d 69; 56.6%d 241; 68.9%a 100; 74.6%a,b χ2 = 61.50, p < .001
Race χ2 = 54.94, p < .001
 White 752; 66.8% 370; 71.2%b,d 67; 54.9%a,d 241; 68.9%b,d 74; 55.2%a,c
 Black 245; 21.8% 84; 16.2%b,d 40; 32.8%a 75; 21.4%b,d 46; 34.3%a,c
 Asian 53; 4.7% 33; 6.3% 8; 6.6% 10; 2.9% 2; 1.5%
 Hispanic or Latinx 24; 2.1% 10; 1.9% 3; 2.5% 9; 2.6% 2; 1.5%
 Middle Eastern or Indian 38; 3.4% 15 2.9% 3; 2.5% 13; 3.7% 7; 5.2%
 Other 13; 1.2% 8; 1.5% 1; 0.8% 2; 0.6% 3; 2.2%
Major Life Events 2.43±1.59 2.13±1.38c,d 2.26±1.57d 2.67±1.60a,d 3.09±2.04a,b,c F = 17.50, p < .001
IES-I 14.03±5.78 9.29±1.72c,d 9.51±1.82c,d 20.14±2.19a,b 20.59±2.63a,b F = 2720.75, p < .001
SOL 22.83±16.61 15.18±7.99b,c,d 42.75±19.23a,c,d 17.74±8.77a,b,d 47.69±16.23a,b,c F = 456.49, p < .001
WASO 13.42±12.64 9.19±7.26b,d 25.78±19.72a,c 11.19±7.74b,d 24.40±17.06a,c F = 127.94, p < .001

Notes:

a = group mean value or sample proportion differs from non-perseverators with no insomnia group mean value.

b = group mean value or sample proportion differs from non-perseverators with insomnia group mean value.

c = group mean value or sample proportion differs from perseverators with no insomnia group mean value.

d = group mean value or sample proportion differs from perseverators with insomnia group mean value.