Table 4. Characteristics of patients without diabetes.
| N | Overall | Hyperuricemia | Normouricemia | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 215 | 105 | 110 | ||
| Mean ± SD, median [IQR] or percentage | ||||
| Uric acid level, mg/dl | 6.9 ± 2.5 6.7 [5.3, 8.3] |
8.9 ± 2.0 8.3 [7.3, 9.9] |
5.1 ± 1.2 5.3 [4.6, 5.9] |
<0.001 |
| Age, years | 69.4 ± 13.8 70.0 [60.0, 80.0] |
69.4 ± 13.7 70.0 [58.0, 79.0] |
69.4 ± 14.0 71.0 [60.0, 81.0] |
0.999 |
| Female | 37 | 36 | 38 | 0.763 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.0 [24.0, 31.0] | 27.0 [25.0, 31.0] | 27.0 [24.0, 31.0] | 0.554 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 81 | 88 | 74 | 0.013 |
| Gout | 22 | 31 | 14 | 0.002 |
| Smoking | 8 | 8 | 8 | 0.863 |
| Coronary artery disease | 25 | 28 | 22 | 0.343 |
| Heart failure | 9 | 14 | 5 | 0.015 |
| Dyslipidemia | 71 | 74 | 68 | 0.303 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dl a | 1.2 [0.9, 1.7] | 1.4 [1.0, 2.2] | 1.0 [0.8, 1.2] | <0.001 |
| LDL level, mg/dl b | 79.5 [62.0, 95.5] | 79.0 [58.0, 92.0] | 80.0 [67.0, 101.0] | 0.421 |
| Medications | ||||
| Beta blockers | 65 | 70 | 61 | 0.169 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 24 | 26 | 22 | 0.526 |
| Nitrates | 14 | 18 | 9 | 0.057 |
| ACE inhibitors | 36 | 35 | 36 | 0.934 |
| Diuretics | 40 | 50 | 31 | 0.006 |
| Aspirin | 61 | 61 | 61 | 0.938 |
| Statins and other lipid lowering drugs | 68 | 72 | 63 | 0.156 |
| Colchicine | 5 | 7 | 3 | 0.295 |
| Xanthine oxidase inhibitors | 17 | 24 | 11 | 0.012 |
| Cardiac function | ||||
| Heart rate at rest, per minute | 70.0 [62.0, 80.0] | 71.0 [63.0, 79.0] | 69.0 [61.0, 80.0] | 0.403 |
| Systolic blood pressure at rest, mmHg | 142.0 [128.0, 158.0] | 140.0 [125.0, 157.0] | 143.0 [130.0, 158.0] | 0.427 |
| LVEF at rest, %c | 55.0 [42.0, 63.0] | 50.0 [34.0, 62.0] | 57.0 [46.0, 64.0] | 0.003 |
| LVEF at stress, %d | 59.0 [45.0, 68.0] | 55.0 [39.0, 64.0] | 63.0 [51.0, 70.0] | 0.002 |
| Sum stress score | 2.0 [0.0, 13.0] | 5.0 [0.0, 18.0] | 0.0 [0.0, 7.0] | 0.004 |
| Sum difference score | 0.0 [0.0, 5.0] | 0.0 [0.0, 6.0] | 0.0 [0.0, 4.0] | 0.174 |
| Sum rest score | 0.0 [0.0, 4.0] | 0.0 [0.0, 7.0] | 0.0 [0.0, 2.0] | 0.004 |
| Myocardial blood flow at rest, mL/min/g | 1.0 [0.8, 1.3] | 0.9 [0.8, 1.2] | 1.0 [0.8, 1.3] | 0.166 |
| Myocardial blood flow at stress, mL/min/g | 1.6 [1.1, 2.1] | 1.4 [1.1, 1.9] | 1.8 [1.2, 2.5] | <0.001 |
| Coronary flow reserve | 1.6 [1.2, 1.9] | 1.5 [1.2, 1.7] | 1.7 [1.3, 2.2] | 0.002 |
SD: standard deviation, LDL: low density lipoprotein, ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme, LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction
P-values are for the comparisons between hyperuricemia and normouricemia.
a Missing in 1% of the hyperuricemia group and 2% of the normouricemia group
b Missing in 23% of the hyperuricemia group and 25% of the normouricemia group
c Missing in 2% of the hyperuricemia group and 3% of the normouricemia group
d Missing in 4% of the hyperuricemia group and 6% of the normouricemia group