Table 2.

Bivariable and multivariable longitudinal mixed-effects analyses of factors associated with public injection among 626 HIV-positive people who use illicit drugs

Characteristic	Odds Ratio	95% CI	p-value	Adjusted Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	p-value
Male gender (yes vs. no)	1.02	0.69–1.51	0.930	1.82	1.26 – 2.64	0.001
Age (Per 10 years older)	0.36	0.29 – 0.45	< 0.001	0.42	0.33 – 0.52	< 0.001
Caucasian (yes vs. no)	0.98	0.67 – 1.42	0.904
Homeless (yes vs. no)	6.39	4.94 – 8.26	< 0.001
Stable relationship (yes vs. no)	1.14	0.85 – 1.53	0.382
Education (≥HS vs. <HS)	0.95	0.65 – 1.39	0.776
Employment (yes vs. no)	0.92	0.66 – 1.29	0.634
Binge alcohol (yes vs. no)	1.33	0.68 – 2.60	0.408
Heroin injection (≥daily vs <daily)	4.14	3.05 – 5.62	< 0.001	2.63	1.92 – 3.60	< 0.001
Cocaine injection (≥daily vs <daily)	2.07	1.48 – 2.91	< 0.001	1.58	1.10 – 2.25	0.012
Crack use (≥daily vs <daily)	2.48	1.93 – 3.18	< 0.001	1.88	1.44 – 2.44	< 0.001
Crystal meth use (≥daily vs <daily)	1.49	0.83 – 2.66	0.180
Overdose (yes vs. no)	1.66	1.08 – 2.54	0.020	1.48	0.95 – 2.31	0.083
Lent used syringe (yes vs. no)	2.53	1.06 – 6.01	0.036	2.40	0.99 – 5.82	0.052
Recent incarceration (yes vs. no)	3.16	2.28 – 4.40	< 0.001	1.78	1.26 – 2.53	0.001
Police encounter (yes vs. no)	3.51	2.67 – 4.62	< 0.001	2.77	2.08 – 3.69	< 0.001
MMT (yes vs. no)	0.82	0.54 – 0.96	0.026
Antiretroviral therapy (≥1 day vs. 0 days)	0.39	0.29 – 0.53	< 0.001
HIV-1 RNA viral load (>50 copies/mL vs. ≤50 copies/mL)	2.05	1.60 – 2.62	< 0.001	1.42	1.10 – 1.83	0.007
CD4 count (per 100 cells/mL)	0.93	0.87 – 1.00	0.042