Table 3. Case control analysis of amino acid levels on initial newborn screening.

	Cases (n=32)	Controls (n=64)	p value
Male Gender*	20 (62.5)	40 (62.5)	1.00
Caucasian race*	29 (90.6)	58 (90.6)	0.60
Birth weight (g)	3378 (586)	3257 (546)	0.32
Gestational age (weeks)	37.9 (1.7)	37.9 (1.7)	1.00
Age at initial newborn screening (hours)	30.9 (8.7)	28.3 (6.1)	0.14
On TPN at the time of NBS	2 (6.25)	2 (3.1)	0.60
Ala	216.7 (106.9)	196.1 (74.8)	0.33
Arg	4.2 (3.3)	4.5 (2.4)	0.58
Cit	9.2 (3.8)	9.9 (2.6)	0.35
Glu	148.8 (50.8)	148.1 (38.5)	0.93
Leu	108.4 (52.6)	100.9 (31.6)	0.46
Met	23.6 (14.4)	22.1 (7.8)	0.56
Phe	67.3 (21.1)	57.4 (12.2)	0.01
Tyr	53.4 (34.1)	78.7 (41.8)	0.003
Val	88.7 (39.6)	81.3 (21.9)	0.33

^*Data presented as N (%). Differences between groups were analyzed by chi-square test.

All other variables presented as Mean (Standard Deviation). Metabolite levels are presented in (μmol/L) units. Differences between groups were analyzed by t-test.