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. 2018 Feb 13;8:2957. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21199-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Structural correlates with contractile function in human cardiac trabeculae. Deconvolved confocal images show t-tubule (WGA; grey) and RyR (red) dual labelling in cardiomyocytes from trabeculae exhibiting either (a) weak or (b) strong contractile function, as well as (c) ventricular myocardium from the human failing heart. (d) Stress normalised to MCSA forms a weak, positive relationship with the percentage of RyR clusters associated with t-tubule labelling (p = 0.167). (e) A strong positive correlation is observed between increasing myocyte content as a percentage of total CSA and the degree of association between RyR clusters and t-tubules (p = 0.0014). Blue data-points labelled ‘A’ and ‘B’ indicate values from corresponding images. (f) Analysis of RyR-t-tubule association was performed in the sample groups. RyR-t-tubule association analysis: Trabeculae: n = 22 images, 14 trabeculae, 5 hearts; failing wall n = 28 images, 5 hearts; Data displayed as mean ± SEM.