Table 5.

Changes in the soluble factors produced and/or released by adipose tissue (adipocytes and cells of the stromal fraction) with age and obesity compared to young and lean, respectively.

	Soluble and secreted factors within adipose tissue
	Ageing	Ageing references	Obesity	Obesity references
IL-6	↑	(171)	↑	(218)
MCP-1	↑	(170)	↑	(60)
TNF-α	↑	(51)	↑	(27)
IFN- γ	← →	(170)	↑	(113)
IL-10	← →	(170)	↓	(219)
IL-1β	↑	(51)	↑	(79)
Adiponectin	↓← →	(220)	↓	(221)
Leptin	↑	(192, 193)	↑	(222)

↓, decrease; ↑, increase; ← →, little or no change or equivocal data; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL, interleukin; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α.