Figure 2.

Dopamine-glutamate circuitry underlying S^D-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. VTA dopamine (DA) input into the NAcore and NAshell mediates S^D-induced reinstatement. DA input into the BLA and PFC have also been implicated in S^D-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. Projections from the PFC to the NAshell have been implicated in S^D-induced reinstatement; however, it is not known if PFC projections to the NAcore play a specific role in S^D-induced reinstatement. Likewise, it is unclear if projections from the BLA directly to the NA play a role in S^D-induced reinstatement akin to CS-induced reinstatement. The dHPC receives converging input from the BLA and VTA and has been implicated in S^D-induced reinstatement. Similar to CS-induced reinstatement, the vHPC communicates bidirectionally with the VTA and may modulate dopaminergic input into the NA, PFC, and BLA. As well, glutamatergic projections from the PVT to the NAshell have also been shown to be involved in S^D-induced drug seeking. Dotted lines indicate unknown effects of specific projecting pathways.