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. 2018 Feb 13;8:2889. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21178-3

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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In vitro evaluation of ¹⁹F MRI spectral imaging potential of probes. (a) Single pulse ¹⁹F MR scan of a set of phantoms comprising the three formulations and Isofluran show resonance frequencies of all fluorine species in the magnet. (b) TurboRARE T₂ (TR = 2500 ms, TE = 11 ms, Rare factor = 4, scan time = 5 min 20 s, Matrix size = 64 × 64), ¹H MR image of phantoms (1 = ET0890, 2 = Isoflurane, 3 = ET0876, and 4 = ET0886), mimicking anatomy of subject in the bore of the magnet. (c) Single pulse ¹⁹F MR scan with resonance frequency of the starred phantom in (a), indicated by the red pointer. (d) ¹⁹F MR image following a ¹⁹F MSME scan (same scan parameters as in Fig. 3 above), of the selected frequency. The artifact observed in phantom number 2 (Isoflurane) is due to the second Isoflurane peak. (e) Overlay of ¹⁹F MR image over ¹H MR image of all the phantoms, reports on the exact location of each phantom on the rack.