Figure 4.

Autophagy is involved in the Homer1a-mediated protection against H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. HT-22 cells were treated with rapamycin (5 μM) or STF-62247 (10 μM) for 24 h then H₂O₂ applied for 24 h. ROS production, lipid peroxidation, MMP and ATP were assayed (A–E). HT-22 cells were transfected with LV-NC or LV-Homer1a for 48 h. After transfection, the cells were treated with 3-MA (2 mM) for 24 h then H₂O₂ applied for 24 h. ROS production, lipid peroxidation, MMP and ATP were assayed (A–E). The data were expressed as means ± SEM from five experiments. ^*P < 0.05 vs. Control, ^&P < 0.05 vs. H₂O₂, ^#P < 0.05 vs. H₂O₂+LV-NC, ^$P < 0.05 vs. H₂O₂+LV-Homer1a.