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The role of CD39 and CD73 in Tregs. Tregs express CD39 and CD73. CD39 belongs to the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase family, an ectoenzyme that hydrolyzes extracellular ATP/UTP, ADP/UDP to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). AMP is then degraded to nucleosides (adenosine) by CD73 (ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase), which in turn binds the adenosine receptor 2A (A2A R) expressed on T effector cells to elevate the intracellular cAMP which suppresses the proliferation of T effector cells.
