Table 2.
Group mean descriptive statistics, standard deviations (SD), and MANCOVA analysis for flow dimension in the three ACE groupings.
| 0 ACE | 1–3 ACE | ≥4 ACE | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Global flow | 3.87 (0.60) | 3.85 (0.59) | 3.80 (0.55) |
| CSB | 3.93 (0.71) | 3.92 (0.68) | 3.92 (0.67) |
| MAA | 3.62 (0.75) | 3.65 (0.77) | 3.65 (0.68) |
| CG | 4.23 (1.53) | 4.12 (0.66) | 4.17 (0.69) |
| UF | 4.03 (0.67) | 3.95 (0.70) | 3.93 (0.67) |
| CTAH | 3.95 (0.70) | 3.87 (0.76) | 3.79 (0.88) |
| SC | 3.96 (0.68) | 3.92 (0.79) | 3.73 (0.76) |
| LSC | 3.33 (0.97) | 3.12 (1.01) | 3.05 (1.13) |
| TT | 3.77 (0.91) | 3.63 (0.89) | 3.57 (0.79) |
| AE | 4.35 (0.63) | 4.43 (0.70) | 4.43 (0.61) |
CSB, challenge–skill balance; MAA, merging action and awareness; CG, clear goals; UF, unambiguous feedback; CTAH, challenge for the task at hand; SC, self-control; LSC, loss of self-consciousness; TT, transformation of time; AE, autotelic experiences. MANCOVA (age and gender covariates) comparison of mean scores showing significant group differences: Wilks’s Λ = 0.908, F(18,430) = 1.173, p = 0.280, η2 = 0.047; gender, p < 0.001; age, p = 0.031.